Some  of the most promising new therapies for warts (human papilloma virus-HPV) involves

using medications to prevent them from disabling the body's immune system

               Now,it is thought that warts,  may, similar to cancer , release substances known as immune

checkpoints which prevents the body's immune system from attacking and destroying them  before

thjey are able to establish a foothold on or in the body.

               Recent research indicates that recalcitrant warts in particular released an immune checkpoint

such as PD-L1(programmed cell death) which attacks the body's immune system  and prevents the

body from killing the wart virus.

               And, it is believed that drugs called immune checkpoint inhibitors can energize the immune

system to kill  viral warts  by blocking immune checkpoint proteins such as PDL-1 and PD1.

             Therefore,it is hoped that we may be able to use these immune checkpoint inhibitors

to help the body's immune system to recognize the human papilloma virus. and destroiy it.

            When these drugs are given internally to fight various types of cancer such as the merkel

cell carcinoma  and malignant melanoma(see previous articles) ,they can be very effective but

can also have many potential side effects.

            Hopefully, a topical(not internal) form will be developed and not lead to any untoiward

effects.